The application of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of traumatic brain injury: Mechanisms, results, and problems
Ying Zhang1, Zejun Zheng1, Jinmeng Sun1, Shuangshuang Xu1, Yanan Wei1, Xiaoling Ding2 and Gang Ding1
1School of Stomatology and 2Clinical Competency Training Center, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
Corresponding Author: Gang Ding, School of Stomatology, Shandong Second Medical University, Baotong West Street No. 7166, Weifang, Shandong, China. e-mail: dinggang@wfmc.edu.cn or Xiaoling Ding, Clinical Competency Training Center, Shandong Second Medical University, Baotong West Street No. 7166, Weifang, Shandong, China. e-mail: wfyxydxl@163.com
Summary. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells that can be derived from a wide variety of human tissues and organs. They can differentiate into a variety of cell types, including osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondrocytes, and thus show great potential in regenerative medicine. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an organic injury to brain tissue with a high rate of disability and death caused by an external impact or concussive force acting directly or indirectly on the head. The current treatment of TBI mainly includes symptomatic, pharmacological, and rehabilitation treatment. Although some efficacy has been achieved, the definitive recovery effect on neural tissue is still limited. Recent studies have shown that MSC therapies are more effective than traditional treatment strategies due to their strong multi-directional differentiation potential, self-renewal capacity, and low immunogenicity and homing properties, thus MSCs are considered to play an important role and are an ideal cell for the treatment of injurious diseases, including TBI. In this paper, we systematically reviewed the role and mechanisms of MSCs and MSC-derived exosomes in the treatment of TBI, thereby providing new insights into the clinical applications of MSCs and MSC-derived exosomes in the treatment of central nervous system disorders. Histol Histopathol
Key words: Mesenchymal stem cell, Microglia, Regenerative medicine, Traumatic brain injury, Exosome
DOI: 10.14670/HH-18-716
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©The Author(s) 2024. Open Access. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons CC-BY International License. |
