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The Relationship of Omega 3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Red Blood Cell Membranes with Cognitive Function and Brain Structure: A Review Focussed on Alzheimer’s Disease

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Abstract

Significant research attention has focussed on the identification of nutraceutical agents for the prevention of cognitive decline as a natural means of cognitive preservation in the elderly. There is some evidence for a reduction of brain omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) in normal aging and in Alzheimer’s disease. n-3 PUFAs exhibit anti-inflammatory and anti-amyloidogenic properties as well as being able to reduce tau phosphorylation. Many observational studies have demonstrated a link between n-3 PUFAs and cognitive aging, and some, but not all, randomized controlled trials have demonstrated a benefit of n-3 PUFA supplementation on cognition, particularly in those subjects with mild cognitive impairment. The identification of a biomarker that reflects n-3 PUFA intake over time and consequent tissue levels is required. In this narrative review we discuss the evidence associating red blood cell membrane n-3 PUFAs with cognitive function and structural brain changes associated with Alzheimer’s disease.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Gérontopôle, Department of Geriatrics, CHU Toulouse, Purpan University Hospital, Toulouse, France

    Claudie Hooper, P. De Souto Barreto & B. Vellas

  2. Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, Institute on Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, 2004 Mowry Road, Gainesville, Florida, USA

    M. Pahor

  3. University of California San Francisco, School of Medicine, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, California, USA

    M. Weiner

  4. INSERM UMR 1027, Toulouse, France

    B. Vellas

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Hooper, C., De Souto Barreto, P., Pahor, M. et al. The Relationship of Omega 3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Red Blood Cell Membranes with Cognitive Function and Brain Structure: A Review Focussed on Alzheimer’s Disease. J Prev Alzheimers Dis 5, 78–84 (2018). https://doi.org/10.14283/jpad.2017.19

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