Abstract
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is inactivated by a narrow specificity ectopeptidase, pyroglutamyl aminopeptidase II (PPII), in the proximity of target cells. In adenohypophysis, PPII is present on lactotrophs. Its activity is regulated by thyroid hormones and 17β-estradiol. Studies with female rat adenohypophyseal cell cultures treated with 3,3′,5′-triiodo-l-thyronine (T3) showed that hypothalamic/paracrine factors, including TRH, can also regulate PPII activity. Some of the transduction pathways involve protein kinase C (PKC) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). The purpose of this study was to determine whether T3 levels or gender of animals used to propagate the culture determine the effects of TRH or PKC. PPII activity was lower in cultures from male rats. In cultures from both sexes, T3 induced the activity. The percentages of decrease due to TRH or PKC were independent of T3 or gender; the percentage of decrease due to cAMP may also be independent of gender. These results suggest that T3 and hypothalamic/paracrine factors may independently control PPII activity in adenohypophysis, in either male or female animals.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Wilk, S. (1986) Life Sci. 39, 1487–1492.
Charli, J.-L., Cruz, C., Vargas, M. A., and Joseph-Bravo, P. (1988) Neurochem. Int. 13, 237–242.
Charli, J.-L., Vargas, M. A., Cisneros, M., de Gortari, P., Baeza, M. A., Jasso, P., Bourdais, J., Perez, L., Uribe, R. M., and Joseph-Bravo, P. (1998) Neurobiology 6, 45–57.
Schauder, B., Schomburg, L., Kohrle, J., and Bauer, K. (1994). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 9534–9538.
O'Cuinn, G., O'Connor, B., and Elmore, M. (1990) J. Neurochem. 54, 1–13.
Friedman, T. C. and Wilk, S. (1986) J. Neurochem. 46, 1231–1239.
Vargas, M. A., Cisneros, M., Herrera, J., Joseph-Bravo, P., and Charli, J.-L. (1992) Peptides 13, 255–260.
Bauer, K., Carmeliet, P., Schulz, M., Baes, M., and Denef, C. (1990) Endocrinology 127, 1224–1233.
Cruz, C., Charli, J. L., Vargas, M. A., and Joseph-Bravo, P. (1991) J. Neurochem. 56, 1594–1601.
Torres, H., Charli, J. L., Vargas, M. A., González, A., and Joseph-Bravo, P. (1986) Neurochem. Int. 9, 103–110.
Charli, J. L., Méndez, M., Vargas, M. A., Cisneros, M., Assai, M., Joseph-Bravo, P., and Wilk, S. (1989) Neuropeptides 14, 191–196.
Joseph-Bravo, P., Fresan, M. E., Cisneros, M., Vargas, M. A., and Charli, J. L. (1994) Neurosc. Let., 178, 243–246.
Uribe, R. M., Jasso, P., Morales, C., de Gortari, P., Charli, J. L., and Joseph-Bravo, P. (1996). Annual meeting of the Society for Neuroscience, Washington, DC.
Heuer, H., Ehrchen, J., Bauer, K., and Schafer, M. K.-H. (1998) Eur. J. Neurosci. 10, 1465–1478.
Heuer, H., Schafer, M. K.-H., and Bauer, K. (1999). Annual meeting of the Society for Neuroscience, Miami Beach, FL.
Vargas, M. A., Herrera, J., Uribe, R. M., Charli, J.-L., and Joseph-Bravo, P. (1992) Dev. Brain Res. 66, 251–256.
Uribe, R. M., Joseph-Bravo, P., Pasten, J., Ponce, G., Méndez, M., Covarrubias, L., and Charli, J.-L. (1991) Neuroendocrinology 54, 493–498.
Ponce, G., Charli, J.-L., Pasten, J. A., Aceves, C., and Joseph-Bravo, P. (1988) Neuroendocrinology 48, 211–213.
Bauer, K. (1987) Nature 330, 375–377.
Bauer, K. (1988) Biochimie (Paris) 70, 69–74.
Schomburg, L. and Bauer, K. (1995) Endocrinology 136, 3480–3485.
Schomburg, L. and Bauer, K. (1997) Endocrinology 138, 3587–3593.
Lin, J. and Wilk, S. (1998) Neuroendocrinology 67, 197–208.
Vargas, M. A., Joseph-Bravo, P., and Charli, J.-L. (1994). Neuroendocrinology 60, 323–330.
Vargas, M. A., Bourdais, J., Sánchez, S., Uriostegui, B., Moreno, E., Joseph-Bravo, P., and Charli, J.-L. (1998) J. Neuroendocrinol. 10, 199–206.
Schule, R. and Evans, R. M. (1991) TIG 7, 377–381.
Wondisford, F. E., Steinfelder, H. J., Nations, M., and Radovick, S. (1993) J. Biol. Chem. 268, 2749–2754.
Jong, M. T. C., Raaka, B. M., and Samuels, H. H.(1994) Mol. Endocrinol. 8, 1320–1327.
Perrone, M. H., Greer, T. L., and Hinckle, P. M. (1980). Endocrinology 106, 600–605.
Taylor, A. D., Flower, R. J., and Buckingham, J. C. (1995) J. Endocrinol. 147, 533–544.
Cohen, J. H. III, Alex, S., De Vito, W. J., Braverman, L. E. and Emerson, C. H. (1989) Endocrinology 124, 3025–3029.
Kant, G. J., Lenox, R. H., Bunnell, B. D., Mougey, E. H., Pennington, L. I., and Meyerhoff, J. L. (1983) Psychoneuroendocrinology 8, 421–428.
Gershengorn, M. C. (1993) Recent. Prog. Horm. Res. 48, 341–363.
Yu, R., Ashworth, R., and Hinkle, P. M. (1998) Thyroid 8, 887–894.
Yoshimoto, T. and Walter, R. (1977) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 485, 391–394.
Lowry, O. H., Rosebrough, N. J., Farr, A. L., and Randall, R. J. (1951) J. Biol. Chem. 193, 265–275.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Vargas, M.A., Cisneros, M., Joseph-Bravo, P. et al. Regulation of adenohypophyseal pyroglutamyl aminopeptidase II activity by thyrotropin-releasing hormone and phorbol esters. Endocr 13, 267–272 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1385/ENDO:13:3:267
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/ENDO:13:3:267