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Antibody-Based Therapies in Infectious Diseases

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Diagnostic and Therapeutic Antibodies

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Medicine ((MIMM,volume 40))

Abstract

Before antibiotics, sera from immune animals and humans were used to treat a variety of infectious diseases, often with successful results. In the beginning of the 20th century, serum therapy had taken a place in standard treatment protocols for several infectious diseases, such as meningitis, diphtheria, tetanus, and lobar pneumonia. As early as 1906, antimeningococcal serum was intravenously used as a treatment for meningitis, since it was proved to cross the blood-brain barrier. However, treatment with meningococcal antiserum was shown to be ineffective, because available antiserum was only effective against type A meningococcus, whereas type C was a more common cause of meningococcal meningitis (1). Several trials demonstrated that application of type-specific antipneumococcal serum reduced mortality in patients with lobar pneumonia by about 50%, from 30-40% to 10-20% (2). Several successes with immune serum were observed in treatment and prevention of other infectious diseases, which include Haemophilus influenzae meningitis, measles, diphtheria, hepatitis A and B, poliovirus infection, and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection (1). However, numerous problems have been observed with immune sera, including lot-to-lot variations characterized with variable amounts of specific antibodies, occurrence of serum sickness as a complication, and some hazards in transmission of some infectious diseases (3,4).

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Immunology Unit, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey

    H. Barbaros Oral

  2. Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research, Davos, Switzerland

    Cezmi A. Akdis

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  1. H. Barbaros Oral
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  2. Cezmi A. Akdis
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Immunology, Imperial College School of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK

    Andrew J. T. George

  2. Department of Pharmacology, University College, London, UK

    Catherine E. Urch

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Oral, H.B., Akdis, C.A. (2000). Antibody-Based Therapies in Infectious Diseases. In: George, A.J.T., Urch, C.E. (eds) Diagnostic and Therapeutic Antibodies. Methods in Molecular Medicine, vol 40. Humana, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-076-4:157

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-076-4:157

  • Publisher Name: Humana, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-89603-798-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-076-6

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