Competition between influenza A virus subtypes through heterosubtypic immunity modulates re-infection and antibody dynamics in the mallard duck
Fig 3
Pre-challenge reduces cloacal (CL) viral shedding after heterologous challenge.
Birds were pre-challenged (dashed lines) or not (solid lines) with H3N8 and challenged with different LPIAV viruses/strains. CL shedding showing the variation in intensity of shedding: 40 –mean Ct-values and SE for the different heterologous challenge groups: H4N5, H10N7, H6N2. Continuous lines and circles indicate the control groups and discontinuous lines indicate the H3N8 pre-challenged groups.