Age-Dependent Cell Trafficking Defects in Draining Lymph Nodes Impair Adaptive Immunity and Control of West Nile Virus Infection
Fig 9
Decreased levels of cytokines and chemokines in the DLN of old mice.
Adult and old mice were infected bilaterally with 102 PFU of WNV (New York strain) in the footpad and DLN were harvested at days 0, 1, and 2 after infection. A-L. Levels of cytokines (IL-1α (A), IL-1β (B), IL-2 (C), IL-6 (D), IL-10 (E), IL12 p40 (F), IL-17, (G), and IFN-γ (H)) and chemokines (MCP-1 (I), MIP-1α (J), MIP-1β (K), and RANTES (L)) in DLN were measured by Bio-Plex assay. M-N. Levels of chemokines (CXCL13 (M) and CCL21 (N)) in DLN were measured by ELISA. Data are presented as mean + SEM and reflects a total of 6 to 8 mice for each group from two independent experiments. Asterisks indicate statistical significance (*, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ****, P < 0.0001; Mann-Whitney test).