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An Immunomics Approach to Schistosome Antigen Discovery: Antibody Signatures of Naturally Resistant and Chronically Infected Individuals from Endemic Areas

Figure 4

IgG3 reactivity profiles of resistant and susceptible human cohorts to Schistosoma proteins printed on a proteome microarray.

Heatmap showing IgG3 responses of individual subjects (columns) in each cohort to 98 recombinant antigens (rows) printed on the microarray. Green represents no immunoreactivity through to red symbolizing strong immunoreactivity. The bar graph depicts the average signal intensity with mean standard deviation of each cohort. Proteins are ordered based on SI mean, highest to lowest, in the groups. Human cohorts represented: Putative Resistant (n = 20), CI-Light (n = 29), CI-Mod (n = 17) and CI-Heavy (n = 17). non-endemic Brazilian (n = 10), non-endemic North Americans (n = 12). The red line is the cut-off for reactivity, calculated as one standard deviation of the mean of the no-DNA control spots printed on the array and probed with anti-IgG3. NS represents no significant differences between endemic groups calculated by Kruskall Wallis with Dunn's multiple comparison test. All other proteins showed significant differences between at least two of the schistosome exposed groups (PR, CI-Light, CI-Mod and CI-Heavy) (Table S4).

Figure 4

doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004033.g004