Galectin-9 as a biomarker for disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus
Fig 5
Serum biomarkers in SLE patients with or without organ damage.
We compared serum levels of biomarkers (A: Gal-9, B: CXCL 10, C: M2BPGi) between SLE patients with any organ damage (i.e., SDI ≥ 1) and those without organ damage (i.e., SDI = 0). Raised serum Gal-9 levels were found in SLE patients with any organ damage compared with those without organ damage (A). No significant difference in CXCL 10 (B) or M2BPGi (C) levels was observed between SLE patients with and without any organ damage. SDI: Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index.