Challenges in enumeration of CTCs in breast cancer using techniques independent of cytokeratin expression
Fig 1
Circulating Tumour Cell (CTC) detected by Immunocytochemical (ICC)-Staining of ISET Filters.
Large cells from blood samples are enriched by ISET filtration and immunocytochemically stained for the White Blood Cell marker CD45 and the Endothelial Cell marker CD144 (yellow arrow). Circulating Tumour Cells (CTCs) are identified as ≥16μm diameter cells with a hyperchromatic nucleus and negative for CD45/CD144 brown chromogen staining (blue arrowhead). The dark circles are 8μm filter pores (black arrow).