Is Avian Malaria Playing a Role in Native Bird Declines in New Zealand? Testing Hypotheses along an Elevational Gradient
Fig 3
Observed prevalence of Plasmodium lineages in five avian species at Nelson Lakes National Park, New Zealand.
Non-native host species with parasite infections are Eurasian blackbird (Turdus merula), song thrush (Turdus philomelos), and house sparrow (Passer domesticus), with no infections in three other species. Native species with parasite infections are South Island robin (Petroica australis) and silvereye (Zosterops lateralis), with no infections in seven other species. The error bars represent the lower and upper bounds of the 95% confidence interval. The pie chart shows relative proportion of positive infections by each lineage (n = 26).