The Effects of Renal Denervation on Renal Hemodynamics and Renal Vasculature in a Porcine Model
Fig 4
Immunohistochemical staining of nerves of treated arteries.
Acute (A-D), 3 weeks (E-L) and 3 months (M-P) histology and immunohistochemical staining results of nerves within the lesion area of treated vessels. The rectangular boxes are a 10x magnification of the affected nerves. a-m shows a 2x magnification and n-p a 5x magnification. Immediately after denervation no signs of nerve damage and a scattered presence of inflammatory cells were observed (A). S100 (B), PGP9.5 (C), and TH (D) showed similar staining patterns and the staining intensity was similar to controls. 3 weeks after denervation neural degeneration and inflammation of nerves and perineural tissue (F) was observed. S100 staining intensity of affected nerves was similar to control (F,J) PGP9.5 staining was slightly lower in intensity (G,K)and TH (H,L)staining was weak or absent compared to control. Scattered presence of S100 (j)and PGP9.5 (K) positive neuron cell bodies was observed around a part of the affected nerves. 3 months after denervation the majority of nerves were embedded in thick sheets of fibrotic tissue(M) and there was scattered presence of inflammatory cells (M). S100, PGP9.5, and TH showed similar staining patterns and the staining intensity was similar to controls. Around affected nerves small S100 (N), PGP9.5 (O) and TH (P) positive nerve bundles were present and they were embedded in thick sheet of fibrotic tissue (M).