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Density-Dependent Benefits in Ant-Hemipteran Mutualism? The Case of the Ghost Ant Tapinoma melanocephalum (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and the Invasive Mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)

Fig 2

Effect of ant tending, the presence of parasitoids, and initial mealybug density on the percentage of parasitism.

(A): Ant tending; (B): Initial mealybug density.

Fig 2

doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0123885.g002