Gender and Timing during Ontogeny Matter: Effects of a Temporary High Temperature on Survival, Body Size and Colouration in Harmonia axyridis
Figure 2
The effect of timing of exposure to elevated temperature on the survival rate of various developmental stages of Harmonia axyridis.
Mean survival rates±1.96 SE of individuals exposed to six various temperature treatments (see below) are shown for A) eggs ( = hatching rate), B) early larval stages (1st and 2nd larval instars) and C) late developmental stages (3rd larval instar, 4th larval instar and pupa). Particular treatments employed were: “C” - beetles reared at constant temperature (20°C); beetles reared at constant temperature (20°C) with the exception of period with elevated temperature (48 hours at 33°C) during egg stage (“E”), 1st and partially 2nd larval instar (“L1”), 3rd larval instar (“L3”), 4th larval instar (“L4”) or pupal stage (“P”). Asterisk indicates significant difference (P<0.05) in survival rate between tagged treatment and control treatment within a particular panel.