Avian Wing Proportions and Flight Styles: First Step towards Predicting the Flight Modes of Mesozoic Birds
Figure 3
Predicted flight styles of fossil birds based on plots of primary feathers to total arm ratio (fprim/ta).
CF, ‘continuous flapping’; FS, ‘flapping and soaring’; FG, ‘flapping and gliding’; PT, ‘passerine-type flight’; Ar (Archaeopteryx); Co (Confuciusornithidae); En (enantiornithines) and Or (Ornithurines). These results are summarized in Table 2.