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Covering Chemical Diversity of Genetically-Modified Tomatoes Using Metabolomics for Objective Substantial Equivalence Assessment

Figure 1

A multi-platform metabolomics approach for evaluating SE.

(a) The first task is to quantify the evidence for a safe molecular composition. This is done by testing the null-hypothesis (), which states that the genetically modified organism (GMO) deviates more from the control line than a panel of traditional cultivars, against the alternative hypothesis of SE (). (b) The second task is to look for discriminative features [e.g. metabolite (met) A, met B and met C] between the transgenic line and the control to obtain an understanding of the consequences of the incurred effects. (c) The proposed work-flow. Samples are analyzed on three analytical platforms. The resulting data sets are summarized to consensus, non-redundant data sets with the help of the MetMask metabolite identifier management tool [16]. The achieved coverage is evaluated by comparing the chemical properties of the detected metabolites with a reference metabolome in the literature. A proof-of-safety approach is used to quantify the evidence for safe metabolite levels; multivariate discrimination analysis is used to characterize the unintended effects.

Figure 1

doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0016989.g001