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The pleiotropic functions of intracellular hydrophobins in aerial hyphae and fungal spores

Fig 4

Morphology of aerial hyphae formed by HFB-deficient and HFB-overexpressing mutants of Trichoderma spp. suggests alterations in turgor pressure.

(A) Cryo-SEM micrographs of aerial mycelium of HFB-deficient Trichoderma cultures grown on PDA for 11 d. The yellow arrows point a "spaghetti with mozzarella" phenotype that is made of remains of burst hyphae. (B-C) Cryo-SEM micrographs of aerial mycelium of HFB-overexpressing Trichoderma cultures grown on PDA for 28 d. (D) An image from epifluorescence microscopy showing the HFB-rich content of protrusions corresponding to those shown in (B) and (C). The red boxes in (A)–(B) and (C)–(D) highlight indentations or herniations corresponding to putatively reduced or increased intracellular turgor pressure, respectively. Representative images were selected from a total of 523 images obtained for Tg and Th. Samples for SEM were prepared with at least two mutants and 30 images studied per genotype. Mutants are listed in Table 2.

Fig 4

doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1009924.g004