Muscle Synergies Heavily Influence the Neural Control of Arm Endpoint Stiffness and Energy Consumption
Fig 4
We simulate experimentally-observed synergies that group the mono-articular shoulder muscles and all the muscles crossing the elbow. Briefly, a synergy is the correlated activity of muscle activations. Each synergy is independently controlled and synergistically drives its muscles according to specific muscle weighting parameters. In this case, we simulate how two synergies drive the six muscles of an arm as per the number of synergies and weights reported by [19].