Clustering-based data detection for spectral signature multiplexing in multispectral camera communication

Daniel Moreno; Victor Guerra; Julio Rufo; Jose Rabadan; Rafael Perez-Jimenez

doi:10.1364/OL.449207

Optics Letters
Vol. 47,
Issue 5,
pp. 1053-1056
(2022)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.449207

Clustering-based data detection for spectral signature multiplexing in multispectral camera communication

Daniel Moreno, Victor Guerra, Julio Rufo, Jose Rabadan, and Rafael Perez-Jimenez

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Daniel Moreno, Victor Guerra, Julio Rufo, Jose Rabadan, and Rafael Perez-Jimenez, "Clustering-based data detection for spectral signature multiplexing in multispectral camera communication," Opt. Lett. 47, 1053-1056 (2022)

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Table of Contents Category
- Fiber Optics and Optical Communications
Optics & Photonics Topics
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The topics in this list come from the Optics and Photonics Topics applied to this article.

About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: November 22, 2021
- Revised Manuscript: January 14, 2022
- Manuscript Accepted: January 14, 2022
- Published: February 17, 2022

Abstract

Optical camera communication (OCC) is a promising technology to be used in future wireless communication systems. In this work, a cluster-based data detection procedure is applied to enhance the performance of an OCC system. A multispectral camera is employed to capture the spectral variations in light-emitting diodes (LEDs) caused by temperature. This strategy’s system performance is compared with a system that uses traditional linear methods, such as zero-forcing (ZF) and minimum mean square error (MMSE) equalizers. The findings of this study indicate that an improvement in the bit error rate (BER) can be achieved by applying a clustering approach.

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Data availability

Data underlying the results presented in this paper are not publicly available at this time but may be obtained from the authors upon reasonable request.

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Symbol	LED State
00	Both LEDs OFF
01	One LED ON, one LED OFF
10	One LED ON, one LED OFF
11	Both LEDs ON

Parameter	Value
Transmitter
Light sources	Kingbright L-53SRC-C (Red)
Light sources	Kingbright L-154A4SUREQBFZGEW (Green, Blue)
Dominant wavelengths/nm	660 (Red), 520 (Green), 460 (Blue)
Control device	Arduino UNO
Receiver
Camera	SILIOS Technologies CMS-C1-C-EVR1M-GigE
Resolution/px	1280 × 1024 (raw image)
Resolution/px	426 × 339 (multispectral images)
Band’s center wavelength/nm	B1, 424; B2, 464; B3, 504; B4, 544; B5, 573; B6, 614; B7, 656; B8, 699; B9, 400–800 (pan)
Exposure time/ms	20 (Red), 6.5 (Green), 0.25 (Blue)
Aperture	f/2.4
Frame rate/fps	50
Shutter mode	Global shutter
Bit Stream
Coding	8B/10B
Modulation	VPPM
Bit time/ms	200
Duty cycle	30%, 70%
Bits	Header, 10; Payload, 8; Footer, 10
Clustering
Algorithm	BIRCH
Number of clusters	4
Threshold	0.01
Branching factor	50

		BER Below FEC Limit (Non-Detected Bitstreams)		Minimum BER (Non-Detected Bitstreams)
Duty Cycle	Color	CA	EQ	CA	EQ
30%	Red	$3.5 \times 10^{- 3}$ (0.5%)	$3.7 \times 10^{- 3}$ (3.1%)	$0$ (3.4%)	$0$ (65%)
	Green	$3.4 \times 10^{- 3}$ (14.1%)	$2.5 \times 10^{- 3}$ (16.5%)	$0$ (39%)	$0$ (16.5%)
	Blue	$6.5 \times 10^{- 4}$ (95%)	$3.7 \times 10^{- 3}$ (43.1%)	$6.5 \times 10^{- 4}$ (95%)	$0$ (83%)
70%	Red	$3.5 \times 10^{- 3}$ (0.4%)	$3.7 \times 10^{- 3}$ (3.3%)	$0$ (40%)	0 (16%)
	Green	$2.6 \times 10^{- 3}$ (5%)	$3.8 \times 10^{- 3}$ (10.5%)	0 (9%)	0 (14.5%)
	Blue	$3.7 \times 10^{- 3}$ (90%)	$1.4 \times 10^{- 3}$ (97.5%)	$7.7 \times 10^{- 4}$ (98%)	$1.4 \times 10^{- 4}$ (97.5%)

Symbol	LED State
00	Both LEDs OFF
01	One LED ON, one LED OFF
10	One LED ON, one LED OFF
11	Both LEDs ON

Parameter	Value
Transmitter
Light sources	Kingbright L-53SRC-C (Red)
Light sources	Kingbright L-154A4SUREQBFZGEW (Green, Blue)
Dominant wavelengths/nm	660 (Red), 520 (Green), 460 (Blue)
Control device	Arduino UNO
Receiver
Camera	SILIOS Technologies CMS-C1-C-EVR1M-GigE
Resolution/px	1280 × 1024 (raw image)
Resolution/px	426 × 339 (multispectral images)
Band’s center wavelength/nm	B1, 424; B2, 464; B3, 504; B4, 544; B5, 573; B6, 614; B7, 656; B8, 699; B9, 400–800 (pan)
Exposure time/ms	20 (Red), 6.5 (Green), 0.25 (Blue)
Aperture	f/2.4
Frame rate/fps	50
Shutter mode	Global shutter
Bit Stream
Coding	8B/10B
Modulation	VPPM
Bit time/ms	200
Duty cycle	30%, 70%
Bits	Header, 10; Payload, 8; Footer, 10
Clustering
Algorithm	BIRCH
Number of clusters	4
Threshold	0.01
Branching factor	50

Abstract

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Figures (5)

Tables (3)

Equations (1)

Optics Letters