SAIS Review

254 SAISREVIEW threat of nuclear holocaust, has been under attack for some time. Other strands in strategic thinking, from flexible response to nuclear utilization theory, also aim at distancing the world nuclear Armageddon in one small way or another. In addition, America's extended nuclear deterrence over European allies has been questioned for many years. What the future holds for deterrence theory and policy is a subject that bears much greater research and investigation. Similarly, the future of both SDI and the ABM treaty rests on the broader base of American politics. It may well be that the blows SDI received from the Nunn Report and the "reinterpretation controversy" as well as the exegesis ofthe budget deficit may well have put that Reagan vision to rest. Neither of these broader themes are sufficiently treated in Defending Deterrence, though they may simply be beyond the editors' aims in this work. The necessary grounding in basic legal and technical issues of the ABM treaty to pursue these broader questions are thoroughly and intelligently presented in Defending Deterrence. Any specialist, policy maker, or informed general reader considering this issue must have a grasp of the basic framework presented in Defending Deterrence. Only from this basis can one explore the future of arms control in this strategically dynamic world. Cooperation for International Development: The United States and the Third World in the 1990s. London: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1989. 340pp. $38.50/cloth, $15.95/paper. Reviewed by Amy E. Buell, M.A. Candidate, SAIS. Cooperation for International Development is the end result of a national project organized by Michigan State University designed to propose policies for American cooperation with the Third World for international development. The participants sought to present the Bush administration with perspectives on the rapidly changing international scene and their impacts on U.S. policies. This collection of essays from experts in all areas of international development focuses on three broad themes: 1) the international context of development in the 1990s and recent changes in this context; 2) American interests and abilities with respect to development; and 3) organization and implementation of U.S. policies and programs. For the first theme, the authors discuss important current issues in development including the debt crisis and financing development, population and urbanization, and the increasingly urgent questions of environment and women in development. Each issue is viewed in the context of changing political realities, while underscoring the importance ofa new non-ideological response to development needs. Participants in the project address the second theme by discussing constraints on America's ability to assist Third World development. Factors affecting the U.S. ability include the budget deficit, low public support for aid to the Third World, difficulty in coordinating efforts between Congress and the BOOK REVIEWS 255 administration, official emphasis on Europe, and ideological battles. The authors feel that American strength lies in a pluralistic approach involving the private commercial sector, non-governmental organizations, women in development groups, universities, and private research organizations. Finally, with regard to implementation, the authors feel that the new context in international development, the realities of American ability, and the changing global political scene must be considered in future policy planning. They state that the problem with the current U.S. aid program is not necessarily its problem, but rather its implementation. International cooperation is vital, and better coordination with other governments badly needed. In this regard, the authors note the recent shift to multilateral assistance from the Reagan administration's emphasis on bilateral assistance. This book is an interesting practical analysis of the current state of affairs in international development, with realistic views of its future. It should be informative to anyone interested in development, as all major development issues are discussed. The book offers insightful conclusions, and Michigan State University deserves congratulations for bringing together a wide range of professionals to discuss these topics. To Make a World Safe for Revolution: Cuba's Foreign Policy. By Jorge I. Domínguez. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1989. 365 pp. $35.00/cloth. Reviewed by Ronald Sasine, M.A. Candidate, SAIS. Jorge Domínguez sets out to define an independent Cuban foreign policy within the context ofSoviet hegemony, arguing that...