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"Eine Allerweltliebe": Critiquing European Ethnography from within the German Homosexual Emancipation Movement
- German Studies Review
- Johns Hopkins University Press
- Volume 42, Number 2, May 2019
- pp. 239-258
- 10.1353/gsr.2019.0043
- Article
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ABSTRACT:
Activists seeking to decriminalize sex between men in early twentieth-century Germany stressed that homosexuality was natural and found in all human societies. Ethnography played a key role in substantiating this claim. This article examines arguments put forward by Ferdinand Karsch-Haack in his important compilation of five centuries of ethnographic writing, Das gleichgeschlechtliche Leben der Naturvölker (1911; The same-sex life of natural peoples), and his critique of European ethnographic practice. Karsch outlined how cultural and personal sexual prejudices interfered with scientific, or at least purportedly objective, observation while still upholding the general validity of the data that had been gathered.