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Cation-Exchange Properties of (Al + Na)-Substituted Synthetic Tobermorites

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

Sridhar Komarneni ,
Else Breval ,
Michihiro Miyake  and
Rustum Roy
Sridhar Komarneni*
Affiliation:
Materials Research Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park Pennsylvania 16802
Else Breval
Affiliation:
Materials Research Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park Pennsylvania 16802
Michihiro Miyake
Affiliation:
Materials Research Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park Pennsylvania 16802
Rustum Roy
Affiliation:
Materials Research Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park Pennsylvania 16802
*
1Also associated with the Department of Agronomy.
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Abstract

Tobermorite, Ca5Si6O16(OH)2·4H2O, is a hydrous calcium silicate that has a layer-type of structure similar to that of the 2:1 clay minerals. In its natural form, tobermorite exhibits little or no exchange for alkali cations; synthetic tobermorites, however, exhibit reversible alkali cation exchange and selective cesium uptake upon a coupled substitution of (Al3+ + Na+) for Si4+. Substituted tobermorites were synthesized using aluminosilicate gels, NaOH, and CaO, in Parr bombs at 175°C for 4 days. Unsubstituted tobermorite was synthesized using quartz and CaO in a Parr bomb at 175°C for 20 hr. Two (Al + Na)-substituted tobermorites showed cation-exchange capacities (CEC) of 77 and 71 meq/100 g, whereas an unsubstituted tobermorite showed a CEC of 12 meq/100 g. The substituted tobermorites exhibited selective Cs exchange from either NaCl or CaCl2 solutions. For example, one substituted tobermorite showed a Cs-exchange coefficient (Kd) of 15,100, whereas unsubstituted tobermorite showed a Kd of only 90 from a 0.02 N CaCl2 solution containing 0.0002 moles/liter CsCl. Exchange isotherms for Na+ ⇋ Cs+ showed that Cs+ is preferred over Na+ throughout the exchange in the (Al + Na)-substituted tobermorites. This group of cation exchangers is expected to find applications in radioactive waste disposal.

Keywords

Cation exchangeCation substitutionCs-exchangeSynthesisTobermorite
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 35 , Issue 5 , October 1987 , pp. 385 - 390
Copyright
Copyright © 1987, The Clay Minerals Society

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