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Hydrothermal Rhyolitic Alteration in the Castle Mountains, California

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Hendrik Heystek
Hendrik Heystek*
Affiliation:
International Pipe and Ceramics Corp., USA 2901 Los Feliz Boulevard, Los Angeles 39, California, USA
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Abstract

X-ray diffraction, differential thermal, chemical analysis and cation exchange data indicate a progressive genesis upon hydrothermal alteration of rhyolitic materials in an extensive fault zone. Kaolinite, a Ca-Mg beidellite, mixed-layer beidellite-hydrous mica and beidellite-vermiculite clay minerals, quartz, cristobalite and feldspar commonly occur in the deposit.

Detailed studies show that the sequence of the 2:1 clay mineral alteration is beidellite-hydrous mica mixed-layer → beidellite-vermiculite mixed-layer → beidellite. This mineralogical change parallels a progressive decrease in the layer charge and amount of fixed K+ present and an increase in exchangeable Ca+ and Mg+ respectively.

Type
Symposium on Clay Mineral Transformation
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals (National Conference on Clays and Clay Minerals) , Volume 11 , February 1962 , pp. 158 - 168
Copyright
Copyright © The Clay Minerals Society 1962

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