Analytical studies of some ground water in Sailu tehsil of Parbhani district

Analytical studies of thirty groundwater samples from diffrent sites in sailu tehsil was carried out during the month of April-2007. The water quality parameter like temperature, pH,electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), total alkalinity (TA), total hardness (TH), chlorides (Cl ),Sulphates (SO 4 2), Calcium (Ca 2+ ), Magnesim (Mg 2+ ), Sodium (Na + ), Potassium (K + ),dissolved oxygen (DO) and turbidity (TUB) were studuied and out come of the results were disscoused.


INTRODUCTION
Sailu is considered to be the oldest and religious city in parbhani district of Marathwada region in Maharashtra, Sailu city is situated near Dudhana river.A Femous Temple of "Keshavraj Babasaheb Maharaj" is situated in middle of sailu city.Who was Guru of Shirdis Sai baba.
The residents of Sailu tehsil usually use water form bore-well for drinking and domestic purposes.There is a huge variation in the concentration of dirrrent species due to factors like depth,diffrent land ,under groundwater conditions, rain condition s etc.The present work attempts to evaluate the quality of groundwater in sailu Tehsil of Parbhani district for potability.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
In the Present study thirty groundwater (borewell.samples were collected from diffrent sites of Sailu tehsil in brown glass bottles with necessary All the chemicals used were of AR grade, glass ware used were of ' A' grade.Double distilled water was used through out the work to prepare standard solution² The water quality parimeters considered for the examination in this study are Temperature by precision thermameter (110°c., pH 3 by digital PH meter (Model No.LI 613 Elico digital PH meter.,electricalconductivity by using Elico digital conductivity meter (Model No.LICM180. 4, total dissolved solids by evaporation method at 105 -110°c [5][6] total alkalinity by standard procedure 7 , total hardness by comlexometric titration method

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Thirty ground samples were collected from diffrent sites of sailu tehsil.The results indicates that the quality of ground water has wide variation which is reflucted by the values of electrical conductivity, Chloride, Sulphate, Calcium and Magnesium etc. pH acts as index to determine the extent of pollution, chemical and biological reactions are direatly dependent upon the pH of water system.In the present study pH ranged from 7.17 to 8.48 which lies in the range preseribed by WHO 11 Electrical conductivity Value, in present study renged from 435.50 to 3112 all were found to be well above the permissible limit and are quite unfit for drinking.Drinking water quality is affected by the presence of soluble salts.Total dissolved solid (TDS. is an important parameter in drinking water quality standard.It developes a perticular test to the water and at higher concertration redudces its potability, plants are also severely affected by higher values of TDS in irrigation water.TDS value of study area ranges from 294.86 to 2023.40 ppm.The high TDS level (7500.will result in the excessive scaling in water distrubution system 12 .Total alkalinity (T.A.. were found to be in the ranges 265 to 485 ppm.All samples are above the permissible limit precribed by ICMR 13 .The higher alkalinity of groundwater owing to the presence of bicarbonates and trace Chloride content were found to be ranging from 247.79 to 347.90 Chloride in the maximum sites was found to be well above permissible limit which may be due to the absence of proper drainage system in the study area.According to ISI permissible limit of sulphate concentration is 150 ppm, Beyond this limit sulphate causes gastro intestinal iritation and can have laxative effect in presence of Mg and Na.sulphate renges from 240.28 to 449.90 ppm. in the present work Calcium in present study varies from 100.20 to 144.28 ,High concentration of calcium may be due to leaching of soil deposit of limestone, dolmite, gypsum, pypsiferous materials, silicious sand into ground water.Magnesiun is an essential mineral for the living body, High concentration of mg couses nausea, musular weakness and paralysis in human body when it reaches up to the level of about 400 mg/L.In this area, magnesium concentration ranged form 0.48 to 211.97 ppm.Sodium and potassium enters in drinking water from natural geological sources, detergents, domestic industrial dischages and minig wastes.In the present work.sodium concentration varies from 32 to 445 and potassium varies from 9.5 to 95 ppm.Oxygen is disolved in most water in varying concentrations.Solubility of oxygen depends on temperature, pressure and salinity of water.It is essential to the life of fish and other aquatic organisms.In the present study Dissolved Oxygen.ranges from 5.24 to 6.03 ppm.Turbidity is an important parameter for characterising water quality.In the present study turbidity varies from 1.5 to 3.00 NTU.These values are well below the permissible limit as per WHO (5 NTU. 11.

Table 1 : Analyses data of groundwater samples
All values in ppm excluding EC-mhos/cm Temperature °C abd pH

Table 2 : Analyses data of groundwater samples W . Q . P .
All values in ppm excluding EC-mhos/cm Temperature °C and pH

Table 3 : Analyses data of groundwater samples
All values in ppm excluding EC-mhos/cm Temperature °C and pH

Table 4 : Analyses data of groundwater samples
All values in ppm excluding EC-mhos/cm Temperature °C and pH