Purpose of investigation: To compare the need for medical assistance during singleton deliveries between in vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancy and spontaneous pregnancy (SP). Materials and Methods: A total of 848 women with singleton pregnancy (and who delivered at ≥ 36 weeks with problem-free pregnancy were divided into two groups. The groups were compared in terms of maternal age, parity, maternal pre-pregnancy body weight, maternal body weight at delivery, maternal weight gain, infant body weight, infant head circumference, and presence or absence of medical intervention (MI) at delivery (induction of labor, instrumental labor, or emergency cesarean section: CS). Results: The proportion of cases with MI was significantly higher in the IVF group (64.8%) than the SP group (39.3%). Clinical features, such as maternal age, parity, maternal body weight at delivery, infant body weight, and infant head circumference, were also extracted and compared between the two groups: MI group and non-medical intervention group. Univariate analysis showed significant differences between the MI group and the non-medical intervention group in terms of maternal age, maternal body weight at delivery, parity, infant body weight, infant head circumference, and presence or absence of IVF. Multivariate analysis of the factors that were significant in the univariate analysis showed similar trends in maternal age, parity, infant body weight, and presence or absence of IVF. In addition, the IVF group had a higher risk for requiring MI than the spontaneous pregnancy group [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.74; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.17-2.00, p < 0.01]. In particular, the IVF group had higher risk of needing emergency CS than the SP group (AOR 3.83; 95% CI, 1.87-7.78, p < 0.01). Conclusion: In spite of no problem in pregnancy course, the need for MI during labor increased after IVF regardless of maternal age and parity.