An insecticidal alkaloid, cocculolidine was extracted from fresh leaves of Cocculus trilobus DC. Von Braun reaction and a novel acid catalyzed degradation showed that this alkaloid had the same skeleton with those of erythrina alkaloids. Structure (I) was finally assigned to cocculolidine, being identified as a new lactone erythrina alkaloid con-taining α, β-unsaturated-γ-lactone. The mass spectra of I and dihydro-β-erythroidine were also discussed.

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