Insights into Antifungal Mechanisms of Bacillus velezensis S141 against Cercospora Leaf Spot in Mungbean (V. radiata)

Pongpan Songwattana; Pakpoom Boonchuen; Pongdet Piromyou; Jenjira Wongdee; Teerana Greetatorn; Sukanya Inthaisong; Piyada Alisha Tantasawat; Kamonluck Teamtisong; Panlada Tittabutr; Nantakorn Boonkerd; Neung Teaumroong

doi:10.1264/jsme2.ME22079

Regular Paper

Insights into Antifungal Mechanisms of Bacillus velezensis S141 against Cercospora Leaf Spot in Mungbean (V. radiata)

Pongpan Songwattana, Pakpoom Boonchuen, Pongdet Piromyou, Jenjira Wongdee, Teerana Greetatorn, Sukanya Inthaisong, Piyada Alisha Tantasawat, Kamonluck Teamtisong, Panlada Tittabutr, Nantakorn Boonkerd, Neung Teaumroong

Author information

Pongpan Songwattana
School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology
Pakpoom Boonchuen
School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology
Pongdet Piromyou
School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology
Jenjira Wongdee
School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology
Teerana Greetatorn
School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology
Sukanya Inthaisong
School of Crop Production Technology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology
Piyada Alisha Tantasawat
School of Crop Production Technology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology
Kamonluck Teamtisong
The Center for Scientific and Technological Equipment, Suranaree University of Technology
Panlada Tittabutr
School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology
Nantakorn Boonkerd
School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology
Neung Teaumroong
School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology

Keywords: Bacillus velezensis, Cercospora leaf spot, biocontrol agent, antifungal activity, transcriptome analysis

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Supplementary material

2023 Volume 38 Issue 1 Article ID: ME22079

DOI https://doi.org/10.1264/jsme2.ME22079

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Abstract

Cercospora leaf spot (CLS) is caused by Cercospora canescens and is one of the most important diseases of mungbean (Vigna radiata). Cercospora leaf spot may result in economic loss in production areas. The present study investigated the potential of Bacillus velezensis S141 as a biocontrol agent for C. canescens PAK1 growth on culture plates. Cell-free secretions from a dual culture of S141+PAK1 inhibited fungal growth more than those from a single culture of S141. The biocontrol efficiency of S141 against Cercospora leaf spot on mungbean was then evaluated by spraying. The disease severity of Cercospora leaf spot was significantly reduced in plants treated with S141, with a control efficiency of 83% after 2 days of infection. Comparative transcriptomics and qRT-PCR analyses of S141 during C. canescens inhibition were performed to elucidate the antifungal mechanisms underlying its antifungal activity against Cercospora leaf spot. According to the differentially expressed genes, most up-regulated genes involved in the biosynthetic genes encoding enzymatic hydrolases, including protease, β-glucanase, and N-acyl glucosaminase, were detected in strain S141 following its interaction. Moreover, genes related to secondary metabolites (surfactin, bacilysin, and bacillomycin D) were up-regulated. Collectively, these results suggest that S141 exhibited strong antifungal activity against C. canescens due to multiple enzymatic hydrolases and secondary metabolites. Therefore, the present study provides insights into the biological network responsible for the antifungal activity of B. velezensis S141 against C. canescens.

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