Abstract
The paper proposes a new latent variable model for the simultaneous (two-way) detection of outlying individuals and items for item-response-type data. The proposed model is a synergy between a factor model for binary responses and continuous response times that captures normal item response behaviour and a latent class model that captures the outlying individuals and items. A statistical decision framework is developed under the proposed model that provides compound decision rules for controlling local false discovery/nondiscovery rates of outlier detection. Statistical inference is carried out under a Bayesian framework for which a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm is developed. The proposed method is applied to the detection of cheating in educational tests, due to item leakage, using a case study of a computer-based nonadaptive licensure assessment. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated by simulation studies.
Acknowledgments
We thank the Editor, Associate Editor, and three referees for their helpful comments.
Citation
Yunxiao Chen. Yan Lu. Irini Moustaki. "Detection of two-way outliers in multivariate data and application to cheating detection in educational tests." Ann. Appl. Stat. 16 (3) 1718 - 1746, September 2022. https://doi.org/10.1214/21-AOAS1564
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