农业智能知识服务研究现状及展望

doi:10.12133/j.smartag.SA202207009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

大数据、物联网和人工智能等现代信息技术在农业中的广泛应用，推动了农业农村现代化和智慧农业的发展，带动了农业经营主体对科技与知识的旺盛需求，农业知识服务成为农业转型升级和高质量发展的重要引擎。为解决现有农业知识分散无序、更新不及时、面向经营主体的知识服务不平衡、供需脱节等问题，本文总结分析了国内外农业知识服务的研究与实践现状，提出了一套基于农业全产业链、按照农业数据的全生命周期、面向农业经营主体的农业智能知识服务体系框架，设计了基于智能物联网（Artificial Intelligence & Internet of Things，AIoT）的农情感知与大数据汇聚治理、基于知识图谱的农业知识组织与计算挖掘，以及基于多场景的农业智能知识服务三个层次。文中归纳了包括空天地AIoT全维度农情感知、多源异构农业大数据汇聚治理、知识建模、知识抽取、知识融合、知识推理、跨媒体检索、智能问答、个性化推荐技术、决策支持等农业智能知识服务涉及的关键技术，并举例了其研究应用。最后从农业数据获取、模型构建、知识组织、智能知识服务技术和应用推广等方面探讨了未来农业智能知识服务的发展趋势及对策建议。总结发现，农业智能知识服务是破解当前农业知识服务供需矛盾，实现跨媒体农业数据到知识的跨越，推动农业知识服务向个性化、精准化和智能化升级的关键，亦是农业科技自立自强、现代农业提质增效的重要支撑。

关键词: 智能知识服务, 人工智能, 物联网, 农情感知, 知识管理, 知识推理, 知识搜索问答, 个性化推荐, 决策支持

Abstract:

The wide application of advanced information technologies such as big data, Internet of Things and artificial intelligence in agriculture has promoted the modernization of agriculture in rural areas and the development of smart agriculture. This trend has also led to the boost of demands for technology and knowledge from a large amount of agricultural business entities. Faced with problems such as dispersiveness of knowledges, hysteric knowledge update, inadequate agricultural information service and prominent contradiction between supply and demand of knowledge, the agricultural knowledge service has become an important engine for the transformation, upgrading and high-quality development of agriculture. To better facilitate the agriculture modernization in China, the research and application perspectives of agricultural knowledge services were summarized and analyzed. According to the whole life cycle of agricultural data, based on the whole agricultural industry chain, a systematic framework for the construction of agricultural intelligent knowledge service systems towards the requirement of agricultural business entities was proposed. Three layers of techniques in necessity were designed, ranging from AIoT-based agricultural situation perception to big data aggregation and governance, and from agricultural knowledge organization to computation/mining based on knowledge graph and then to multi-scenario-based agricultural intelligent knowledge service. A wide range of key technologies with comprehensive discussion on their applications in agricultural intelligent knowledge service were summarized, including the aerial and ground integrated Artificial Intelligence & Internet-of-Things (AIoT) full-dimensional of agricultural condition perception, multi-source heterogeneous agricultural big data aggregation/governance, knowledge modeling, knowledge extraction, knowledge fusion, knowledge reasoning, cross-media retrieval, intelligent question answering, personalized recommendation, decision support. At the end, the future development trends and countermeasures were discussed, from the aspects of agricultural data acquisition, model construction, knowledge organization, intelligent knowledge service technology and application promotion. It can be concluded that the agricultural intelligent knowledge service is the key to resolve the contradiction between supply and demand of agricultural knowledge service, can provide support in the realization of the advance from agricultural cross-media data analytics to knowledge reasoning, and promote the upgrade of agricultural knowledge service to be more personalized, more precise and more intelligent. Agricultural knowledge service is also an important support for agricultural science and technologies to be more self-reliance, modernized, and facilitates substantial development and upgrading of them in a more effective manner.

Key words: intelligent knowledge service, artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, agricultural sensing, knowledge management, knowledge reasoning, knowledge search &, QA, personalized recommendation, decision support

中图分类号:

赵瑞雪, 杨晨雪, 郑建华, 李娇, 王剑. 农业智能知识服务研究现状及展望[J]. 智慧农业(中英文), 2022, 4(4): 105-125.

ZHAO Ruixue, YANG Chenxue, ZHENG Jianhua, LI Jiao, WANG Jian. Agricultural Intelligent Knowledge Service: Overview and Future Perspectives[J]. Smart Agriculture, 2022, 4(4): 105-125.

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