Abstract: The bacterial biofilm is one of the key factors causing the corrosion of spacecraft materials in the space environment. In this paper, the structure and the formation mechanism of bacterial biofilm, as well as its harm to the spacecraft materials, the main evaluation methods and the prevention & control strategies are briefly introduced. The problems existing in the current prevention and control practices are pointed out. The current strategies on the bacterial biofilm prevention and control can be divided into three categories: 1) Modify the characteristics of susceptible surfaces to prevent the formation of bacterial biofilm; 2) Regulate signaling pathways to inhibit the formation of bacterial biofilms; 3) Apply external forces to eliminate bacterial biofilms. This review may provide some reference for the innovation and the development of the strategies against bacterial biofilms that cause the corrosion of spacecraft materials.