赵薇，陆群，杜爱燕

引用本文： 赵薇，陆群，杜爱燕.成人静脉血液标本管理的证据总结[J].循证护理,2022,8(23):3152-3156

摘要： 目的：检索、评价和总结国内外成人静脉血液标本管理的最佳证据，为提高成人静脉血液标本合格率提供证据支持。方法：检索Up To Date、the Cochrane Library、BMJ、护理和联合卫生文献累积索引数据库、PubMed、WHO、加拿大安大略注册护士协会、美国国家临床诊疗指南数据库、荷兰医学文摘数据库、苏格兰学院间指南网络、英国国家临床优化研究所指南库、中国生物医学文献数据库、万方数据库、中国知网、医脉通和迈特思创等数据库内关于成人静脉血液标本管理的证据，包括指南、专家共识、证据总结等。检索时限为从建库至2021年1月31日。由2名研究人员对文献质量进行评价，对符合质量标准的文献进行证据提取。应用临床指南研究与评价系统、系统评价评估工具、JBI证据预分级及证据推荐级别系统进行文献质量评价及证据级别评定。结果：共纳入6篇文献，包括4篇指南、1篇专家共识和1篇证据总结。最佳证据从采血部位、采血途径、压脉带、采血装置、采血工具、采血量、标本混合、标本运输和采血人员9个方面共提取了14条证据。结论：现有证据可为临床医护人员开展成人静脉血液标本管理实践提供依据。在临床应用时，需要充分考虑临床情景，结合专业人士的判断及病人的意愿，遵循个体化原则，分析证据应用的障碍因素及促进因素，审慎地将证据应用于临床实践中。

关键词： 静脉采血；最佳证据；标本管理；成年人；循证护理

课题： 无锡市卫生健康委员会面上项目，编号：M202138

ZHAO Wei，LU Qun，DU Aiyan

Abstract Objective:To select,evaluate and summarize the best evidence for the management of adult venous blood samples at home and abroad,so as to provide evidence support for improving the qualification rate of adult venous blood samples.Methods:Evidence on the management of adult venous blood samples,including guidelines,expert consensus,evidence summary,etc were searched from Up To Date,the Cochrane Library,BMJ,Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature,PubMed,WHO,Registered Nurses′Association of Ontario,National Guideline Clearinghouse,Excerpta Medica Database,Scottish Intercollege Giate Guidelines Network,National Institute for Health and Care Excellence,CBM,WanFang Datebase,CNKI,Yimaitong,Metstr,etc.The retrieval time was from inception to January 3021.Two researchers evaluated the literature quality and extracted evidence from the literature that met the quality standards.The clinical guideline research and evaluation system,system evaluation and evaluation tool,JBI evidence pre classification and evidence recommendation level system were used to evaluate the literature quality and evidence level.Results:A total of 6 avticles were included,including 4 guidelines,1 expert consensus and 1 evidence summary.The best evidence extracted 14 pieces of evidence from 9 aspects:blood collection location,blood collection route,blood collection equipment,zone of pressure pull,blood collected device,blood collection volume,sample mixing,sample transportation and blood collection personnel.Conclusion:Current evidence can provide a basis for clinical medical staff to carry out the management of adult venous blood samples.In clinical application,it is necessary to fully consider the clinical situation,combine the judgment of professionals and the wishes of patients,follow the principle of individualization,analyze the obstacles and promoting factors of evidence application,and prudently apply the evidence to clinical practice.

Keywords venous blood collection;best evidence;specimen management;adult;evidence-based nursing

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