ABSTRACT
Increased adiposity, especially intra-abdominal, can lead to a cluster of abnormalities in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism that result in elevated plasma concentrations of triglycerides and small, dense LDL particles and reduced HDL cholesterol, with LDL cholesterol levels often in the normal range. This trait, termed atherogenic dyslipidemia, is a key feature of metabolic syndrome and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Weight loss can significantly improve all components of this dyslipidemia, and this benefit can be augmented by the restriction of dietary carbohydrates, particular added sugars, and highly processed starches. For those individuals remaining at increased cardiovascular disease risk, LDL-lowering drug therapy is warranted.
