ABSTRACT
The last decade witnessed prolific research on gut microbiota and human health. It is now well-known that gut microbiota (GM) has a positive impact on metabolism, and a disturbed GM can lead to various metabolic disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and even heart failure. Interestingly, research has found that an altered GM is often associated with neuropsychiatric diseases as well. This can be attributed to the ‘gut-brain axis; (GBAx), a link between the enteric microbiome and brain’s cognitive centres. This chapter describes human gut microbiota, gut-brain axis and the associated neurological diseases.
