ABSTRACT
The term biosensor was introduced by Cammann and further defined by the IUPAC system. Biosensors are analytical instruments that translate biological reactions to electrical signals and process them to generate user-friendly results. Biosensors are currently widely used in drug discovery, forensics, biomedical research, biomedical diagnostics, food control, and environmental monitoring. Biosensors may be developed using a wide range of methodologies. Biosensors of wide varieties, including cell and tissue-based, enzyme-based, DNA biosensors, immunosensors, and thermal and piezoelectric biosensors, are available these days. In the current chapter, we provide an overview of biosensors and their components, a brief historical background, biosensors’ characteristics, various biosensors available, and their application in different sectors of life.
