ABSTRACT
Vastly repetitive DNA or RNA sequences of genome and mobile elements abound in eukaryotic genomes. With the discovery of transposable elements or jumping gene by B. Mc-Clintock in the 1950s, a new era started. Retrotransposons are a type of mobile genetic elements; this mobile element is first transcribed into an RNA molecule, then after its through to the mechanism of reverse transcription it will convert into the DNA. In eukaryotic genomes such as corn, retrotransposons amplify themselves quickly to become abundant through reverse transcription. Retrotransposons are categorized into LTRs and non-LTRs; this is divided on the basis of the existence of long terminal repeats (LTRs). Retrotransposon capture sequencing (RC-Seq) is a high-throughput 90sequencing tool for decoding the sequence of gene/s or finding out the relative position or distance between the genes, analyzing, comparing retrotransposon insertions sequences by using the bioinformatics tools. When genomic DNA is fractionated, retrotransposon-binding sites on DNA combine with transposon-binding sites on a microarray. Novel retrotransposition events can be discovered by the information provided by deep sequencing that would be carried out by comparing the query sequence with the already present reference genomic sequence. RC-seq detects the known polymorphic insertions present in an individual, which also identify rare or private germline insertions. Nonreproductive tissue insertions of mobile DNA could be investigated by using RC-seq. It is a useful tool for comparing the similarities or differences between healthy and diseased cells or tissue; this could be done by RC-Seq. Transposable elements are commonly used in structural and functional genomics, as well as in developmental biology. Polymorphism in transposable elements and insertions of somatic mobile genetic elements would affect an individual’s phenotype depending on their genomic positions and functional implications. RC-seq is mainly used to understand the role of various diseases, evolution of species, etc.
