ABSTRACT
This chapter describes, analyzes and preserves traditional knowledge of the uses and applications of some of the most important medicinal plants used in the drylands of Mexico. Acacia trees are sparsely distributed in a number of xeric habitats such as deciduous forests, thorn scrub and savanna from Mexico to Colombia. Historically and currently, all parts – leaves, stems and sap – of the Agave salmiana are used. Non-distilled, it is used to make aguamiel and pulque. When distilled, it is used to make the alcoholic beverage mescal and syrup or sweeteners. Plants are found primarily on disturbed land, and it has been observed that they may have become dependent upon their long association with human populations. It is classified as a medicinal plant because it has anthelmintic properties, and it turns out to soothe some stomach pains, intestinal worms, cramps, healing action inflammation in the belly, cough, cold, pneumonia, regulation of menstrual cycle, and fever.
