ABSTRACT
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder affecting people worldwide. It is a disease that can only be managed by lifestyle changes, oral hypoglycaemic drugs (OHDs) and insulin therapy. The conventional methods for diabetes management have certain limitations, such as invasive approaches for blood glucose monitoring, numerous subcutaneous insulin injections leading to hypoglycaemia and poor patient compliance. There is a quest among researchers to develop better diagnostic tools and therapeutics for overall improvement in the treatment approach. Nanotechnology is emerging as an important tool for regular monitoring and improved drug delivery. Nanotechnology-based glucose sensors are a better alternative to the conventional glucose sensors currently in use. A nanoencapsulation approach for oral delivery of insulin ensures better permeability, targeted delivery and sustained release. This chapter addresses the various nanotechnology-based approaches in the development of glucose monitoring nanosensors and also sheds light on the different nanocarriers for the oral delivery of insulin.
