ABSTRACT
Nanotechnology is a rapidly expanding field, in which materials at the nanoscale are synthesized to take advantage of enhanced properties such as higher strength, lighter weight, increased electrical conductivity, and chemical reactivity compared to their larger-scale equivalents. One of the important aspects for the utilization of nanobioreactors in medical application is the tissue targeting efficiency. Adenosine Deaminase deficiency prevents the degradation of adenosine and deoxyadenosine into inosine and deoxyinosine, which are ultimately degraded into uric acid, leading to a severe combined immunodeficiency. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, also known as acute lymphocytic leukemia, is a type of blood and bone marrow cancer and is the most common type of cancer in children. Nanobioreactors are nanoparticles carrying enzymatic activity; they are the combination of the sophisticated catalytic mechanism of enzymes with the exceptional properties of nanomaterials which can be readily functionalized with ligands for specific cell receptors.
