Abstract: Objective To explore the status quo and equity of pediatricians allocation in Guangzhou municipality and to provide a basis for reasonable allocation of pediatricians in the region.Methods A questionnaire survey on medical service capability was conducted among all pediatric institutions (110) in 12 districts or counties of Guangzhou municipality between October 2012 and October 2013.Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient were used to analyze the equity of pediatricians allocation.Results The Gini coefficient for the pediatricians allocation by population was 0.46,suggesting a mildly inequitable allocation.The average number of pediatrician per 1 000 population was 0.97 for Guangzhou municipality,with the highest of 4.08 for Tianhe district and the lowest of 0.24 for Nansha district.The Gini coefficient for the allocation of pediatrician by area was 0.72,suggesting an absolutely inequitable allocation.The average number of pediatrician per 1 000 square meters was 3.31 for Guangzhou municipality,with the highest of 10.15 for Yuexiu district and the lowest of 0.02 for Conghua district.Conclusion There is a deficit for overall resource of pediatric medical service and the pediatrician allocation by population and area is inequitable in Guangzhou municipality.