Abstract: Objective To reveal current status and obstruction of the application of evidence-based concepts or methods in chronic disease prevention in United States,Australia,China,and Brazil.Methods Fifty qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted in public health institutions in the four countries between February and July 2016;the contents of the interviews involved the current status of application of evidence-based chronic disease prevention and obstructive factors for the implementation and promotion of the application.Results The United States and Australia are committed to promote the evidence-based countermeasures against chronic diseases;while,China and Brazil are still in the stage of evidence accumulation.Deficit of governmental investment and stable source of funding and lack of efficient mechanisms are main hindering factors for the application of of evidence-based process in chronic disease prevention for the four countries.Conclusion Policy is a common influencing factor for evidence-based chronic diseases prevention practice but the affect of the factor is different due to various backgrounds in the four countries.The experiences of the developed countries can provide certain references for evidence-based chronic diseases prevention in developing countries.