Abstract: Objective To summarize the investigation and management of two individual vivax malaria incidences in Dandong municipality of Liaoning province during August 2015 for promoting eradication of malaria in the area.Methods Information on demography and epidemiology of the two incidences,natural environment of the epidemic sites,and vector monitoring were collected.The whole blood samples for the two incidences and 11 previous vivax malaria cases were collected for amplification of surface protein gene of the vivax malaria's merozoite with nested PCR and the sequence analysis of the gene products.Results The two cases (a 13-years old girl pupil and a 45-years old male electrician) were confirmed as vivax malaria.The results of rapid detection test (RDT) and PCR assay among 467 and 103 residents living around the houses of the two cases showed no positivity of merozoite surface protein.Sequence analysis of the surface protein gene of merozoite showed that the two cases were high homologous with each other and low homologous with other local cases occurred a few years ago in Liaoning province.So the source of infection is difficult to determine.Conclusion The two vivax malaria cases are local infection and local malaria vectors exist in Dandong municipality.Surveillance needs to be strengthened to explore the source of the infections and close attention should be paid to imported case for the prevention of second generation incidence.