Abstract: Objective To examine the expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor-6(TRAF6) in human gingival fibroblasts(HGFs) by the interference of interleukin-1β(IL-1β),and to provide newdocument to the research of the effect of cytokine network on periodontal ligament tissue.Methods HGFs were isolated and cultured.The cells from the third to eighth generation were cultured and interfered with various concentrations of IL-1β.The morphology changes of HGFs were observed after 24 hours and the expression of TRAF6 in every experimental group was detected with immunohistochemical method.Results The morphology change of HGFs was not obvious with the increase of IL-1β concentration.The immunohistochemistry analyses showed that there was a positive expression of TRAF6 in HGFs with IL-1β intervention and the expression increased with the increment of IL-1β concentration.Conclusion The results suggest that TRAF6 may be an important signal factor which participates in the regulation of HGFs' function and periodontitis.