Abstract: Objective To knowthe influence factors of child abuse(CA) in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,and to provide reference for CA prevention.Methods With 1:1 individual matching case-control study design,136 students with CA and their parents and 136 controls from Longlin and Tiandong Zhuang inhabiting counties in Guangxi were investigated.Results In CA case group,the ratios of discord relationship between parents,disagreeing with that children couldn't success without hitting or abusing,disagreeing with the behavior of hitting children,trying to umderstand children's thought sometimes,doing housework sometimes or occasionally,the child with parents' experience of CA by their parents during the periods of junior,senior school or adulthood,and with parents of P type personality as typical high type were 37.5%,63.2%,58.1%,43.4%,39.0%,9.5%,47.1%,22.0%,and 16.9%,respectively; and othose of the control group were 25.0%,75.0%,71.3%,30.9%,52.2%,12.5%,32.4%,16.1%,and 5.9%,respectively,with statistical significances between the two groups(P < 0.05 for all).The results of multi-factor conditional logistic regression analyses showed that parents' personality of P type as typical high type and the experience of child abuse by their parents during the period of junior and senior school or adulthood were risk factors for CA.The parents's disagreeing with that children cann't success without hitting or abusing,the child's status of doing housework sometimes or occasionally were protective factors of CA.Conclusion Parents' personality,growth experience,opinion and attitude towards CA,and communication between parents and children are the most important influence factors for the incidence of CA.