Abstract: Objective To understand condom use and related factors among people who knew their HIV positive status infour counties in China.Methods A total of 946 HIV positives were conveniently selected in four counties in China.The survey was conducted from June to Decenmber of 2008 with self administered anonymous questionnaire to collect information on demo graphic characteristics,AIDS awareness,HIV testing and informing service,and related risk sexual behaviors among patients who were informed of their HIV positive status from Jan 2006 through Jun 2008.Results Among the patients,22.1% were infected through injecting drugs and 69.6% through sexual transmission.The awareness rate of AIDS was 93.4% and 655 had sexual behaviors in the last sixmonths.The averagerate of condom use was 55.3%,and 97 patients used condoms correctly when having sex last time.Univariate andm ultivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the oddsratio of ethnicity was 5.61(95% CI=1.66-18.91);access to condom was 0.33(95%CI=0.13-0.85);family monthly income percapita was 0.26(95% CI=0.10-0.69)and that for participation in HIV group activities during last six months was 3.70(95% CI=1.46-9.40).Conclusion The rate of AIDS awareness among patients who were informed of their HIV positive status is generally high and there is still a large number of positives who do not use condom when having sex.