Abstract: ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of depression among rural women and to analyze the association beNveen the prevalence of depression and related factors.MethodsWith cluster sampling, 800 women of 18-65 years old were selected The Zung Self-ating Depression Scale (SDS)was applied to assess the extent and severity of depressive symptoms, and an SDS score of 50 was set as the cut-off score Student's t-test, chi-square test and logistic regression were utilized in the study The analysis were performed with SPSS 13.0 software.ResultsThe prevalence rate of depression was 54.3% among the coral women The negative living event scores significantly differed between case group(4.79±13.3055) and control group (2.34±8.4930).The results of logistic regression showed that significant related factors of depression symptom were with high education (OR=0.768, 95% CI=0.638-0.926),having new family members (OR=0.147, 95% CI=0.028-0.769),having heart disease (OR=2.939, 95% CI=1.603-5.390),having conflict with mother in-law (OR=14.938, 95% CI=1.554-143.55),and having adebt (OR=1.861, 95% CI=1.091-3.173).ConclusionThe prevalence of depression among rural women is influenced by physical and social factors.