Abstract: ObjectiveTo study the asso ciation between the ex ceed manganese contentin hair and neurobehavior of the children.MethodsSubjects came from three elementary schools in northern suburb of Taiyuan and Qingxu county.200 children from 4~5 grades were randomly selected in each area.Investigations included basic information of children,WHO Neu-robehavioral Core Test Battery(NCTB)and the content of calcium,iron,zinc,manganese in hair.ResultsWith t-test,the average reaction time of Simpl-eReaction-Time in the exposure group(626.9±126.9)was lo nger than thatin the non-exposure group(580.4±99.4)(P<0.01),In Dig it Symbol Test,Benton Visual Retention Test and the total of Pursuit Aiming Test?,the exposure group(46.0±13.73),(7.0±1.7),(186.4±51.5)were less than those in the non-exposure group (50.3±19.5),(7.7±115),(198.8±58.1)(P<0.05).The content of manganese and zinc contentin the exposure group was more than the non-exposure group(P<0.05).With the Spearman analyses,there was a negative correlation between the manganese contentin hair and right reaction degree and there were positive correlations between the manganese contentin hair and error reaction degree,average reaction time,the most slowly reaction time and the standard error of reaction time(P<0.05).ConclusionThere was a significant association between the manganese content and the neur obehavior of children.