Abstract: Objective To explore the regulation of heat shock protein 70(H5P70 ) in human lymphocyte in case of marching without load in dry-heat desert.Methods The lymphocyte HSP70 of 50 marchers at different speed for different time and 14 controls were detected.Results There was no significant difference between different speeds for the same time (P>0.05);there is no significant difference between exposed groups and control,different time exposures at 3.5km/h; the level of HSP70 at 5km/h for 2 or 3 hours was obviously more than the control(P<0.05 );the lymphocyte HSP70 for 3 hours was obviously more than for 1 hour(P>0.05).Conclusion The lymphocyte HSP70 increased with speed and time.The blood lymphocyte HSP70 was more sensitive than plasma HSP70 in the monitor of heat injure and heat tolerance.