胚蛋给养β-羟基-β-甲基丁酸对肉仔鸡孵化率、生长性能和骨骼肌发育的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2016.11.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本试验旨在研究胚蛋给养（in ovo feeding）β-羟基-β-甲基丁酸（beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate, HMB）对肉仔鸡孵化率、生长性能及骨骼肌发育的影响。选用540枚商品代AA肉仔鸡受精蛋，随机分为3个组：空白组（不注射）、生理盐水组（7胚龄气室注射1 mL 0.9% 生理盐水）、HMB组（7胚龄气室注射1 mL含0.1% HMB的生理盐水）。出壳后，每组选取72只体重相近健康公雏随机分成6个重复，每重复12只。结果表明：1）胚蛋给养对种蛋孵化率无显著性影响（P>0.05）；2）HMB组出壳重、2l日龄体重、0~21日龄平均日增重均显著高于其他组（P<0.05）；3）7日龄时，HMB组肉仔鸡胸肌率较生理盐水组提高了1.01%（P=0.019）；21日龄时，HMB组胸肌率显著高于其他组（P<0.05），较空白组和生理盐水组分别提高了1.11%和1.04%；4）HMB组肉仔鸡的腹脂率最低，且在21日龄时显著低于空白组（P=0.018）；5）与空白组和生理盐水组相比，HMB组肉仔鸡出壳当天和4日龄肌细胞直径显著增大（P<0.05）。6）出壳当天和7日龄肉仔鸡，HMB组胸肌卫星细胞有丝分裂活性指数较其他两组显著提高（P<0.05）；7）7日龄肉仔鸡，HMB组血浆IGF-1含量显著高于空白组（P<0.05），与生理盐水组之间差异不显著（P>0.05）。结果提示，胚蛋给养HMB可提高肉仔鸡出壳重，增加卫星细胞有丝分裂活性，促进肉鸡胸肌发育，加快肉鸡前期生长；注射HMB不影响种蛋孵化率和肉鸡饲料转化效率；注射生理盐水与不注射处理结果相似，对肉仔鸡生长没有影响。

Abstract:

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of in ovo feeding of beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB) on hatchability, growth performance and skeletal muscle development in broilers. A total of 540 fertilized eggs from Arbor Acre broilers were allotted into 3 treatments: one control group (without injection), and two injection groups injected with 1 mL 0.9% saline (saline group) and 1 mL 0.1% HMB (HMB group) at 7 d of incubation, respectively. After hatching, 72 healthy male chicks were selected from each treatment and randomly divided into 6 replicates with 12 birds each. The results showed that: 1) In ovo feeding had no significant effect on hatchability of fertilized eggs (P>0.05). 2) Compared with the other groups, HMB injection significantly increased the BW of broiler at hatch and 21 d posthatch and markedly elevated ADG during the first 21 days (P<0.05). 3) At 7 d of age, breast muscle percentage of chicks from HMB injection group were increased by 1.01% than that of chicks from saline group (P=0.019). In ovo feeding HMB significantly increased breast muscle percentage of broilers by 1.11% (P<0.05) than the control group and by 1.04% (P<0.05) than the saline injection group at 21 d of age. 4) The abdominal fat percentage of chicks from HMB injection group was the lowest, and significantly lower than that of chicks from the control group at 21 d of age (P=0.018). 5) Compared with the control group and saline group, chicks from HMB injection group had significantly higher myofiber diameter at hatch and 4 d of age (P<0.05). 6) At hatch and 7 d of age, the mitotic activity of satellite cells in breast muscle in chicks from HMB group were significantly higher than that from other groups (P<0.05). 7) At 7 d of age, plasma Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) content in HMB injection group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference between HMB and the saline groups (P>0.05). In ovo feeding HMB may improve BW at hatch, increase mitotic activity of satellite cells and IGF-1 content in the blood circulation, thus facilitating the breast muscle development and promoting the growth in the early period. In ovo feeding HMB did not affect hatchability and feed conversion ratio in broilers. Growth performance was not different between the control and saline injection groups.

中图分类号:

S831.4

马友彪，张海军，王晶，武书庚，齐广海. 胚蛋给养β-羟基-β-甲基丁酸对肉仔鸡孵化率、生长性能和骨骼肌发育的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2016, 47(11): 2248-2256.

MA You-biao，ZHANG Hai-jun，WANG Jing，WU Shu-geng，QI Guang-hai. Effect of in Ovo Feeding of β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate on Hatchability, Performance and Skeletal Muscle Development in Broilers[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2016, 47(11): 2248-2256.

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