The Experimental Satellite on Electromagnetism Monitoring

The Experimental Satellite on Electromagnetism Monitoring (ESEM) was proposed in 2003 and proved in 2013 after 10-years’ scientific demonstration. The ESEM mission was proposed to be the first satellite of space-based geophysical fields observation system in China with a lot of application prospects in earthquake science, geophysics, space sciences and so on. And coincide with the mission objectives, the satellite decides to use the Circular Sun Synchronous Orbit with an altitude of 507 km and descending node time at 14:00 LT. The payload assemble includes 8 instruments, Search-Coil Magnetometer, Electric Field Detector, High precision Magnetometer, GNSS occupation Receiver, Plasma Analyzer, Langmuir Probe, Energetic Particle Detector, and Three-frequency Transmitter. According to the planned schedule, the satellite is due to be launched in 2016–2017 and will be onboard operated for 5 years.


Objectives
The ESEM mission was proposed to be the first satellite of space-based geophysical fields observation system in China with a lot of application prospects in earthquake science, geophysics, space sciences and so on.The objectives of the mission are described in the following.
To obtain world-wide data of space environment of the electromagnetic field, ionospheric plasma and energetic particles, especially those ones of the real-time observation when the satellite pass over the Chinese territory.
To monitor and study the ionospheric perturbations which may possibly associated with earthquake activity, especially with those destructive ones.
To monitor and research the Earth's near-Earth space environment, as well as to explore the impact of human activity on that.
To analyze the features of seismo-ionospheric perturbations, in order to test the possibility for short-term earthquake forecasting experimentally in terms of satellite observation.To explore the new approaches for short-term and imminent prediction.
To support the research on geophysics, space science as well as electrical wave science and so on.
To provide the data sharing service for international cooperation and scientific community.

Mission Contents
According to the scientific objectives, the ESEM mission concerns various physical parameters including electromagnetic field, electromagnetic waves, ionospheric plasma in-situ parameters and structure disturbance, and high energy particle disturbance, etc.The detail parameters are as following.
(1) Measurements of background magnetic field in the space 3-component of magnetic field with frequency band from DC to15 Hz.

Main Physical Parameters to Detect
Based on the characters of seismo-ionospheric perturbations and current level of technology, physical parameters to be detected are listed in Table 1. Tab.

Design of the Platform
The platform of ESEM was redesigned upon the CAST2000.CAST2000 offered a standard multi-mission platform

Payloads Assemble
The scientific payloads have been selected as Search-Coil Magnetometer, Electric Field Detector, High precision Magnetometer, GNSS occultation Receiver, Plasma Analyzer, Langmuir Probe, Energetic Particle Detector, and Three-frequency Transmitter.Table 4 list their main parameters.

Ground Segment
The ground segment of CSES consists of scientific mission and application center, satellite ground networks, field verification bases and comparison system for satellite-ground measurement.
The scientific mission and application center, which will be on the duty of mission operation and control, data management and service, as well as earthquake science application, will be constructed in China Earthquake Administration.
The ground station of ESEM is comprised of two main parts: domestic and international stations.In China, the existed civil ground stations will be used to receive the ESEM data in real time or near-real time within the Chinese territory and in its surrounding area.The establishment of overseas ground stations should meet the needs of international cooperation and data sharing.

The
Experimental Satellite on Electromagnetism Monitoring was proposed in 2003 and has been demonstrated during the last 10 years with funding from China National Space Administration (CNSA), the Ministry of Sciences and Technologies (MOST), the National Scientific Foundation of China (NSFC) and China Earthquake Administration (CEA).And according to "The National Earthquake Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Plan (2006-2020)", "The 12th Five-Year Plan on Civil Space Developing" and "The National Earthquake Science and Technology Developing Plan (2007-2020)", the Experimental Satellite on Electromagnetism Monitoring (ESEM) was officially approved by China National Space Administration and Ministry of Finance of the People's Republic of China in 2013 and is due to launch in 2016-2017.

( 2 )
Measurement of signals from electromagnetic emission 3-component magnetic field with frequency band of 10-20 kHz.3-component electric field with frequency band of 0-3.5 MHz.(3) Measurement of plasma in-situ parameters and profile structure Electron and ion temperature.Electron and ion density.Measurement of TEC and Plasma Profile.(4) Measurement of energetic particle precipation Energetic particle spectrum from 200keV-200 MeV.Pitch angle.

Tab. 4
As mentioned above, the ESEM mission was proved in the middle of 2013 and now is in its Phase C for Primary model.Now the team is working hard to make the satellite pass the Electrical Model test in June, 2014, and turn into Phase D for Flight Model in 2015.According to the planned schedule, the Satellite is due to be launched in 2016-2017.List of payloads of seismo-electromagnetism satellite The profiling of electron content 150, 450, 1066 MHz

1
Detecting physical parameters of CSES

Space Segment of the Mission 2.1 Orbit Parameters The
main orbit parameters of ESEM are as following (Table2).