Bioactivity and Biocompatibility of a Novel Wollastonite Glass-Ceramic Biomaterial
Using wet chemistry, a novel wollastonite glass-ceramic (WGC) was previously synthesized for onepiece dental implant applications. It exhibited high strength, and excellent chemical durability and machinability. Objectives of the present study were to evaluate the bioactivity and biocompatibility
of this WGC and to compare its properties to those of In-Ceram® yttria partially stabilized zirconia (YZ). Bioactivity of WGC and YZ was assessed by soaking specimens in simulated body fluid (SBF). Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray
diffraction were used to monitor the formation of hydroxyapatite (HA) on the specimen surfaces. WGC induced the formation of bone-like carbonated HA when soaked in SBF; in contrast, YZ specimens did not exhibit bioactivity, even after being soaked in SBF for 4 weeks. In vitro biocompatibility
was studied by seeding MC3T3-E1 preosteoblastic cells and calvarial osteoblasts on the specimens. Cell attachment, focal adhesion formation, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were evaluated. Both WGC and YZ supported osteoblast attachment and proliferation. Cell spreading,
focal adhesion formation and ALP activity were comparable on both materials indicating excellent biocompatibility of WGC. We conclude that WGC is a promising material for non-metallic dental implant applications due to its bioactivity and biocompatibility.
Keywords: ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE; BIOACTIVITY; CELL ATTACHMENT; CELL PROLIFERATION; DENTAL IMPLANTS; FOCAL ADHESION; GLASS-CERAMIC; HYDROXYAPATITE; WOLLASTONITE
Document Type: Research Article
Publication date: 01 November 2014
- Journal of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (JBT) is an international peer-reviewed journal that covers all aspects of biomaterials, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The journal focuses on the broad spectrum of research topics including all types of biomaterials, their properties, bioimplants and medical devices, biofilms, bioimaging, BioMEMS/NEMS, biosensors, fibers, tissue scaffolds, tissue engineering and modeling, artificial organs, tissue interfaces, interactions between biomaterials, blood, cells, tissues, and organs, regenerative medicine and clinical performance.
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