Abstract
The idea has recently taken root that evolutionary theory and social constructivism are less antagonistic than most theorists thought, and we have even seen attempts to integrate constructivist and evolutionary approaches to human thought and behavior. We argue in this article that although the projected integration is possible, indeed valuable, attempts to date have tended to be vague or overly simplistic about the claims of social constructivists. We proceed by examining how to give more precision and substance to the research program of evolutionary social constructivism, a task we accomplish by focusing on the specific selection pressures that may have shaped the psychological and cultural mechanisms leading to social constructions. The benefit of such an integration for social constructivism is to provide a solid foundation in the natural sciences. For evolutionists, evolutionary social constructivism expands the assortment of methods used in studying the interplay between culture and human nature.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Adriaens PR (2007) Evolutionary psychiatry and the schizophrenia paradox: A critique. Biology and Philosophy 22: 513–528.
Adriaens PR, De Block A (2006) The evolution of a social construction: The case of male homosexuality. Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 49: 570–585.
Ainsworth J (1996) Categories and culture: On the “rectification of names” in comparative law. Cornell Law Review 82: 19–42.
Atran S (1990) Cognitive Foundations of Natural History: Toward an Anthropology of Science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Axelrod R, Hammond R, Grafen A (2004) Altruism via kin-selection strategies that rely on arbitrary tags with which they coevolve. Evolution 58: 1833–1838.
Barkow JH (2006) Introduction: Sometimes the bus does wait. In: Missing the Revolution: Darwinism for Social Scientists (Barkow JH, ed), 3–59. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Barrett HC (2001) On the functional origins of essentialism. Mind and Society 3: 1–30.
Baudrillard J (1996) The System of Objects. London: Verso.
Bauman Z (1999) Culture as Praxis. London: Sage.
Berger PL, Luckmann T (1971) The Social Construction of Reality: A Treatise in the Sociology of Knowledge. Harmondsworth: Penguin. Orig. 1966.
Boyd R, Richerson PJ (1985) Culture and the Evolutionary Process. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Brown SD, Pujol J, Curt BC (1998) “As one in a web”: Discourse, materiality and the place of ethics. In: Social Constructionism, Discourse and Realism (Parker I, ed), 75–89. London: Sage.
Bruner J (1990) Acts of Meaning. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Bruner J (1991) The narrative construction of reality. Critical Inquiry 18: 1–21.
Bunge M (1996) Finding Philosophy in Social Science. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Burr V (1998) An Introduction to Social Constructionism. New York: Routledge.
Buss D (1991) Evolutionary personality psychology. Annual Review of Psychology 42: 459–491.
Callero P (2003) The sociology of the self. Annual Review of Sociology 29: 115–133.
Carroll J (2004) Literary Darwinism: Evolution, Human Nature, and Literature. New York: Routledge.
Carruthers P (2006) The Architecture of the Mind: Massive Modularity and the Flexibility of Thought. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Caterina R (2004) Comparative law and the cognitive revolution. Tulane Law Review 78: 1501–1547.
Cheah P (1996) Mattering. Diacritics 26: 108–139.
Collier A (1998) Mind, reality and politics. Radical Philosophy 88: 38–13.
Cronk L (1999) That Complex Whole: Culture and the Evolution of Human Behavior. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Cronk L, Chagnon NA, Irons W, eds (2000) Adaptation and Human Behavior: An Anthropological Perspective. Hawthorne, NY: de Gruyter.
Curran V (1998) Dealing in difference: Comparative law’s potential for broadening legal perspectives. American Journal of Comparative Law 46: 657–668.
Dall S, Houston A, McNamara JM (2004) The behavioural ecology of personality: Consistent individual differences from an adaptive perspective. Ecology Letters 7: 734–739.
De Cruz H, De Smedt, J (2007) The role of intuitive ontologies in scientific understanding—the case of human evolution. Biology and Philosophy 22: 351–368.
Dennett D (1988) Why everyone is a novelist. Times Literary Supplement 4459 (16–22 Sept.): 1028–1029.
Dennett D (1995) Darwin’s Dangerous Idea. New York: Simon and Schuster.
Dennett D (2003) Freedom Evolves. London: Penguin.
Dickins T (2004) Social constructionism as cognitive science. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 34: 333–352.
Dobzhansky T (1973) Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution. American Biology Teacher 35: 125–129.
Fireman G, McVay T, Flanagan O (2003) Introduction. In: Narrative and Consciousness: Literature, Psychology, and the Brain (Fireman G, McVay T, Flanagan O, eds), 3–13. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Fodor J (1983) The Modularity of Mind. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Foucault M (2003) The Birth of the Clinic: An Archeology of Medical Perception. London: Routledge. French orig. 1963.
Gelman S (2004) The Essential Child. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Gergen KJ (1985) The social constructionist movement in modern psychology. American Psychologist 40: 266–275.
Gergen KJ, Gergen M (1983) Narratives of the self. In: Studies in Social Identity (Sarbin TR, Scheibe K, eds), 254–273. New York: Praeger.
Giddens A (1984) The Constitution of Society: Outline of the Theory of Structuration. Cambridge, MA: Polity Press.
Gintis H (2004) Towards the unity of the human behavioral sciences. Politics, Philosophy, and Economics 3: 37–57.
Goffman E (1968) Asylums. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
Gross PR, Levitt N (1994) Higher Superstition: The Academic Left and Its Quarrels With Science. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Guarnieri P (1998) “Dangerous girls,” family secrets, and incest law in Italy, 1861–1930. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry 21: 369–383.
Hacking I (1995) Rewriting the Soul: Multiple Personality and the Sciences of Memory. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Hacking I (1998) Mad Travellers: Reflections on the Reality of Transient Mental Illnesses. London: Free Association Books.
Hacking I (1999) The Social Construction of What? Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Hanson N (1958) Patterns of Discovery. London: Cambridge University Press.
Haraway D (1989) Primate Visions: Gender, Race, and Nature in the World of Modern Science. London: Routledge.
Harré R (2002) Public sources of the personal mind: Social constructionism in context. Theory and Psychology 12: 611–623.
Haslam N, Levy S (2006) Essentialist beliefs about homosexuality: Structure and implications forprejudice. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 32: 471–485.
Henrich J, Gil-White FJ (2001) The evolution of prestige: Freely conferred status as a mechanism for enhancing the benefits of cultural transmission. Evolution and Human Behavior 22: 165–196.
Hibberd F (2005) Unfolding Social Constructionism. New York: Springer.
Hinchman LP, Hinchman SK (1997) Introduction. In: Memory, Identity, Community: The Idea of Narrative in the Human Sciences (Hinchman LP, Hinchman SK, eds), xiii–xxxii. Albany: State University of New York Press.
Hirschfeld LA (1996) Race in the Making: Cognition, Culture, and the Child’s Construction of Human Kinds. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Jones OD (2001) Proprioception, non-law, and biolegal history. Florida Law Review 53: 831–874.
Kanazawa S (2006) Can the social scientists be saved? Should they? [Review of Missing the Revolution: Darwinism for Social Scientists, Barkow JH, ed]. Evolutionary Psychology 4: 102–106.
Keller MC, Miller GF (2006) Resolving the paradox of common, harmful, heritable mental disorders: Which evolutionary genetic models work best? Behavioral and Brain Sciences 29: 385–452.
Kitcher P (1985) Vaulting Ambition: Sociobiology and the Quest for Human Nature. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Kruger DJ (2002) The deconstruction of constructivism. American Psychologist 57: 456–457.
Kuhn T (1970) The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Laland KN, Brown GR (2002) Sense and Nonsense: Evolutionary Perspectives on Human Behaviour. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Latour B (2004) Why has critique run out of steam? From matters of fact to matters of concern. Critical Inquiry 30: 225–249.
Latour B, Woolgar S (1979) Laboratory Life: The Construction of Scientific Facts. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Legrand P (2001) The return of the repressed: Moving comparative legal studies beyond pleasure. Tulane Law Review 75: 1033–1051.
Legrand P (2003) The same and the different. In: Comparative Legal Studies: Traditions and Transitions (Legrand P, Munday R, eds), 240–311. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Levy N (2004) Evolutionary psychology, human universals and the Standard Social Science Model. Biology and Philosophy 19: 459–472.
Lieberman D, Tooby J, Cosmides L (2003) Does morality have a biological basis? An empirical test of the factors governing moral sentiments relating to incest. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 270: 819–826.
Lieberman D, Tooby J, Cosmides L (2007) The architecture of human kin detection. Nature 445: 727–731.
MacDonald K (1998) Evolution, culture, and the five-factor model. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 29: 119–149.
Mallon R, Stich S (2000) The odd couple: The compatibility of social construction and evolutionary psychology. Philosophy of Science 67: 133–154.
Mameli M (2007) Evolution and psychology in philosophical perspective. In: Oxford Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology (Dunbar RIM, Barrett L, eds), 21–34. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
McAdams DP, Pals JL (2006) A new big five: Five fundamental principles for an integrative science of personality. American Psychologist 61: 204–217.
McElreath R, Boyd R, Richerson PJ (2003) Shared norms can ead to the evolution of ethnic markers. Current Anthropology 44: 122–130.
Medin DL (1989) Concepts and conceptual structure. American Psychologist 44: 1469–1481.
Mithen S (1996) The Prehistory of the Mind. London: Thames and Hudson.
Nelson K (2003) Narrative and the emergence of a consciousness of self. In: Narrative and Consciousness: Literature, Psychology, and the Brain (Fireman G, McVay T, Flanagan O, eds), 17–36. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Nettle D (2005) An evolutionary approach to the extraversion continuum. Evolution and Human Behavior 26: 363–373.
Nettle D (2006) The evolution of personality variation in humans and other animals. American Psychologist 61: 622–631.
Pinker S (2002) The Blank Slate: The Modern Denial of Human Nature. London: Penguin.
Plotkin H (2002) The Imagined World Made Real: Towards a Natural Science of Culture. London: Penguin.
Pulliam HR, Dunford C (1980) Programmed to Learn: An Essay on the Evolution of Culture. New York: Columbia University Press.
Quine WVO (1960) Word and Object. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Richerson PJ, Boyd R (2005) Not by Genes Alone: How Culture Transformed Human Evolution. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Robins LN (1993) Vietnam veterans’ rapid recovery from heroin addiction: A fluke or normal expectation? Addiction 88: 1041–1054.
Ross D (2006) The economic and evolutionary basis of selves. Cognitive Systems Research 7: 246–258.
Ruse M (1999) Mystery of Mysteries: Is Evolution a Social Construction? Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Russell MC (2002) Why do we drink? A history and philosophy of heredity and alcoholism. Bulletin of Science, Technology and Society 22: 48–55.
Scalise Sugiyama M (2001) Narrative theory and function: Why evolution matters. Philosophy and Literature 25: 233–250.
Segerstråle U (2000) Defenders of the Truth: The Battle for Science in the Sociobiology Debate and Beyond. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Serrano AC, Gunzburger DW (1983) An historical perspective of incest. Contemporary Family Therapy 5: 70–80.
Shakespeare T, Erickson M (2000) Different strokes: Beyond biological determinism and social constructionism. In: Alas, Poor Darwin: Arguments Against Evolutionary Psychology (Rose H, Rose S, eds), 190–205. London: Jonathan Cape.
Singer J (2004) Narrative identity and meaning making across the adult lifespan: An introduction. Journal of Personality 72: 437–459.
Smith EA (2000) Three styles in the evolutionary analysis of human behavior. In: Adaptation and Human Behavior: An Anthropological Perspective (Cronk L, Chagnon N, Irons W, eds), 27–46. Hawthorne, NY: Aldine de Gruyter.
Spain D (1987) The Westermarck-Freud incest-theory debate: An evaluation and reformulation. Current Anthropology 28: 623–645.
Sperber D (1996) Explaining Culture: A Naturalistic Approach. London: Blackwell.
Sterelny K (2003) Thought in a Hostile World: The Evolution of Human Cognition. Oxford: Blackwell.
Tooby J, Cosmides L (1992) The psychological foundations of culture. In: The Adapted Mind: Evolutionary Psychology and the Generation of Culture (Barkow J, Cosmides L, Tooby J, eds), 19–136. New York:Oxford University Press.
Travis CB, ed (2003) Evolution, Gender and Rape. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Van den Berghe P (1983) Human inbreeding avoidance: Culture in nature. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 6: 91–123.
Wilson DS (2003) Evolution, morality and human potential. In: Evolutionary Psychology: Alternative Approaches (Scher SJ, Rauscher F, eds), 55–70. Boston: Kluwer.
Wilson DS (2005) Evolutionary social constructivism. In: The Literary Animal: Evolution and the Nature of Narrative (Gotschall J, Wilson DS, eds), 20–37. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press.
Wilson EO (1998) Consilience: The Unity of Knowledge. New York: Knopf.
Zahavi A (1975) Mate selection: A selection for a handicap. Journal of Theoretical Biology 53: 205–214.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
De Block, A., Du Laing, B. Paving the Way for an Evolutionary Social Constructivism. Biol Theory 2, 337–348 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1162/biot.2007.2.4.337
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1162/biot.2007.2.4.337